❤ BIOLOGY - TXT BOOK EXERCISES SOLVED FOR CHAPTER HEALTH AND HEIGINE
I. Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following diseases is spread through coughing and sneezing?
(a) Diphtheria
Answer: (c) Plague (Commonly spread by fleas that live on infected rodents like rats).
4. A disease spread by the bite of a mad dog is:
(a) Rabies
1. Which of the following diseases is spread through coughing and sneezing?
(a) Diphtheria
(b) Hepatitis
(c) Tetanus
(d) Polio
Answer: (a) Diphtheria (Note: Common cold is also spread this way, but Diphtheria is a primary example of droplet infection in many texts).
2. Which of the following disease transmit by a carrier?
(a) Dengue
2. Which of the following disease transmit by a carrier?
(a) Dengue
(b) Tetanus
(c) Hepatitis
(d) Common cold
Answer: (a) Dengue (Transmitted by the Aedes mosquito which acts as a carrier/vector).
3. Which of the following disease spread through infected rat?
(a) Hepatitis
3. Which of the following disease spread through infected rat?
(a) Hepatitis
(b) Dengue
(c) Plague
(d) Common cold
Answer: (c) Plague (Commonly spread by fleas that live on infected rodents like rats).
4. A disease spread by the bite of a mad dog is:
(a) Rabies
(b) Plague
(c) Polio
(d) Measles
Answer: (a) Rabies (Transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal, like a "mad" dog).
5. Which of the following is a disease caused by bacteria?
(a) cholera
Answer: (a) Cholera (Caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae).
6. Which of the following is not a viral disease?
(a) pneumonia
Answer: (a) pneumonia is the correct answer as it is bacterial). Pneumonia (Usually bacterial or fungal, whereas the others are strictly viral).
7. Kwashiorkor is caused by:
(a) smoking
Answer: (d) Imbalance in diet (Specifically a severe deficiency of protein).
8. Deficiency of vitamin C causes:
(a) scurvy
Answer: (a) Scurvy (Leads to bleeding gums and weakness).
9. Deficiency of vitamin K can cause:
(a) haemorrhage
Answer: (a) Haemorrhage (Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting).
10. Among the listed options, a communicable disease is:
(a) Goitre
Answer: (d) Chickenpox (It is highly contagious and spreads from person to person).
II. Fill in the blanks
1. Over-eating causes a disease called obesity.
2. Food poisoning is caused by bacteria/fungi.
3. One of the diseases caused by protozoa is malaria (or Amoebiasis).
4. Protruding belly is a symptom of Kwashiorkor.
5. The disease kwashiorkor results from the deficiency of proteins.
6. The deficiency of fluorine is responsible for tooth decay.
7. OPV vaccine is given against polio.
8. Conjunctivitis is a disease of eyes.
III. Find the odd one out, giving reason
1. Pneumonia, cholera, leprosy, measles
Odd one: Measles.
Reason: Measles is a viral disease, while the others are bacterial diseases.
2. Kwashiorkor, scurvy, beri-beri, night blindness
Odd one: Kwashiorkor.
Reason: Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease, while the others are vitamin deficiency diseases.
IV. Define the following
1. Vector: Organisms which carry pathogens (disease-causing organisms) from a source of infection to a host without getting infected themselves.
2. Droplet infection: A type of direct transmission where droplets of saliva released during coughing, sneezing, or speaking transmit diseases like the common cold or tuberculosis.
3. Malnutrition: A condition resulting from the intake of inadequate or excess food, or an unbalanced diet.
4. Pathogen: Disease-causing germs such as certain bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa.
------------------------------------------
V. Name the following
Two diseases caused by:
1. Bacteria: Cholera, Tuberculosis.
2. Protozoa: Malaria, Amoebiasis.
3. Virus: Measles, Chickenpox.
4. Organism which causes malaria: Protozoa (specifically Plasmodium, carried by mosquitoes).
5. Cause of obesity: Overnutrition or over-eating.
6. Disease caused by vitamin A deficiency: Night blindness.
7. Three mineral-deficiency diseases: Goitre, Anaemia, and Rickets (due to calcium deficiency).
----------------------------------------
VI. Mention the food constituents which may be lacking
1. A child having rickets: Vitamin D and Calcium.
2. A person suffering from scurvy: Vitamin C.
3. A person suffering from beri-beri: Vitamin B1.
4. A child suffering from kwashiorkor: Proteins.
5. A person suffering from poor eyesight: Vitamin A.
6. A person suffering from anaemia: Iron.
________________________________
_______________________________
VIII. True (T) or False (F)
AIDS is caused by a bacterium.
IX. Answer the following questions (Short Notes)
1. Why should we not eat polished rice?
Answer: (a) Rabies (Transmitted through the saliva of an infected animal, like a "mad" dog).
5. Which of the following is a disease caused by bacteria?
(a) cholera
(b) AIDS
(c) malaria
(d) rabies
Answer: (a) Cholera (Caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae).
6. Which of the following is not a viral disease?
(a) pneumonia
(b) measles
(c) polio
(d) rabies
Answer: (a) pneumonia is the correct answer as it is bacterial). Pneumonia (Usually bacterial or fungal, whereas the others are strictly viral).
(d) Wait, Rabies is viral. Looking at the options: pneumonia is bacterial, measles and polio are viral. So,
7. Kwashiorkor is caused by:
(a) smoking
(b) worms
(c) virus
(d) imbalance in diet
Answer: (d) Imbalance in diet (Specifically a severe deficiency of protein).
8. Deficiency of vitamin C causes:
(a) scurvy
(b) beri-beri
(c) rickets
(d) skin diseases
Answer: (a) Scurvy (Leads to bleeding gums and weakness).
9. Deficiency of vitamin K can cause:
(a) haemorrhage
(b) bleeding gums
(c) rickets
(d) skin diseases
Answer: (a) Haemorrhage (Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting).
10. Among the listed options, a communicable disease is:
(a) Goitre
(b) Anaemia
(c) Cancer
(d) Chickenpox
Answer: (d) Chickenpox (It is highly contagious and spreads from person to person).
II. Fill in the blanks
1. Over-eating causes a disease called obesity.
2. Food poisoning is caused by bacteria/fungi.
3. One of the diseases caused by protozoa is malaria (or Amoebiasis).
4. Protruding belly is a symptom of Kwashiorkor.
5. The disease kwashiorkor results from the deficiency of proteins.
6. The deficiency of fluorine is responsible for tooth decay.
7. OPV vaccine is given against polio.
8. Conjunctivitis is a disease of eyes.
III. Find the odd one out, giving reason
1. Pneumonia, cholera, leprosy, measles
Odd one: Measles.
Reason: Measles is a viral disease, while the others are bacterial diseases.
2. Kwashiorkor, scurvy, beri-beri, night blindness
Odd one: Kwashiorkor.
Reason: Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease, while the others are vitamin deficiency diseases.
IV. Define the following
1. Vector: Organisms which carry pathogens (disease-causing organisms) from a source of infection to a host without getting infected themselves.
2. Droplet infection: A type of direct transmission where droplets of saliva released during coughing, sneezing, or speaking transmit diseases like the common cold or tuberculosis.
3. Malnutrition: A condition resulting from the intake of inadequate or excess food, or an unbalanced diet.
4. Pathogen: Disease-causing germs such as certain bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoa.
------------------------------------------
V. Name the following
Two diseases caused by:
1. Bacteria: Cholera, Tuberculosis.
2. Protozoa: Malaria, Amoebiasis.
3. Virus: Measles, Chickenpox.
4. Organism which causes malaria: Protozoa (specifically Plasmodium, carried by mosquitoes).
5. Cause of obesity: Overnutrition or over-eating.
6. Disease caused by vitamin A deficiency: Night blindness.
7. Three mineral-deficiency diseases: Goitre, Anaemia, and Rickets (due to calcium deficiency).
----------------------------------------
VI. Mention the food constituents which may be lacking
1. A child having rickets: Vitamin D and Calcium.
2. A person suffering from scurvy: Vitamin C.
3. A person suffering from beri-beri: Vitamin B1.
4. A child suffering from kwashiorkor: Proteins.
5. A person suffering from poor eyesight: Vitamin A.
6. A person suffering from anaemia: Iron.
________________________________
VII. Match the items
| Column A | Column B |
| 1. Beri-beri | (d) Vitamin $B_1$ |
| 2. Anaemia | (e) Iron |
| 3. Scurvy | (a) Vitamin C |
| 4. Rickets | (b) Vitamin D |
| 5. Goitre | (f) Iodine |
| 6. Night blindness | (c) Vitamin A |
VIII. True (T) or False (F)
AIDS is caused by a bacterium.
(F) (It is caused by a virus).
Sneezing results in droplet infection.
Sneezing results in droplet infection.
(T).
Malaria is a vector-borne disease.
Malaria is a vector-borne disease.
(T).
Atherosclerosis is a disease of the liver.
Atherosclerosis is a disease of the liver.
(F) (It is a disease of the heart/arteries).
Filariasis is caused by worms.
Filariasis is caused by worms.
(T).
-----------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------
IX. Answer the following questions (Short Notes)
1. Why should we not eat polished rice?
Polishing rice removes Vitamin $B_1$ from the husk, and a diet of only polished rice can lead to Beri-beri.
2. Why should you not allow water to stagnate near your house?
2. Why should you not allow water to stagnate near your house?
Stagnant water provides a breeding ground for mosquitoes, which carry diseases like malaria and dengue.
3. Two diseases caused by malfunctioning of body organs:
Diabetes: Caused by the malfunctioning of the pancreas, leading to insufficient insulin production.
Uremia: Caused by kidney failure, where waste products like urea and uric acid accumulate in the blood.
________________________________
X. Case Study Based Questions (Vaccination)
1. Communicable diseases can be prevented by:
3. Two diseases caused by malfunctioning of body organs:
Diabetes: Caused by the malfunctioning of the pancreas, leading to insufficient insulin production.
Uremia: Caused by kidney failure, where waste products like urea and uric acid accumulate in the blood.
________________________________
X. Case Study Based Questions (Vaccination)
1. Communicable diseases can be prevented by:
(b) vaccination.
2. Which one of the given diseases is being eradicated through a ‘Nationwide Programme’?
2. Which one of the given diseases is being eradicated through a ‘Nationwide Programme’?
(b) Polio.
3. A combination of vaccines for protection against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus is:
3. A combination of vaccines for protection against diphtheria, pertussis and tetanus is:
(a) DPT Vaccine.
4. A vaccine is a preparation that contains:
4. A vaccine is a preparation that contains:
(d) either (a) or (b) (killed or weakened germs).
XI. Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. Assertion (A): The yellowing of teeth occurs due to the formation of a sticky layer... Reason (R): The yellow sticky film on the teeth is called plaque.
Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Assertion (A): Proper sanitation is required for healthy living. Reason (R): It does not include the proper disposal of wastes.
Answer: (c) (A) is true but (R) is false. (Sanitation does include disposal of waste).
XI. Assertion-Reason Type Questions
1. Assertion (A): The yellowing of teeth occurs due to the formation of a sticky layer... Reason (R): The yellow sticky film on the teeth is called plaque.
Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
2. Assertion (A): Proper sanitation is required for healthy living. Reason (R): It does not include the proper disposal of wastes.
Answer: (c) (A) is true but (R) is false. (Sanitation does include disposal of waste).
Comments
Post a Comment